Parthasarathy Temple Overview
The Parthasarathy Temple is a Hindu Vaishnavite temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu. It is located in the neighborhood of Thiruvallikeni, also known as Triplicane, in Chennai, India. The temple is one of the oldest and most famous landmarks in the city, attracting thousands of devotees every year.
The temple is believed to have been built during the 8th century AD by the Pallava dynasty. The name “Parthasarathy” means the “charioteer of Arjuna,” referring to Lord Krishna’s role as a charioteer to Arjuna in the epic Mahabharata. The temple is glorified in the Naalayira Divya Prabandham, the early medieval Tamil literature canon of the Alvar saints from the 6th to 9th centuries CE.
The temple complex consists of five separate shrines, each dedicated to a different avatar of Lord Vishnu. These include Lord Rama, Lord Krishna, Lord Narasimha, Lord Varaha, and Lord Parasurama. The temple also has a separate shrine dedicated to Lord Venkateswara.
The temple is known for its beautiful architecture, intricate carvings, and stunning sculptures. The main entrance of the temple is adorned with a towering gopuram, a traditional South Indian temple tower. The temple also has several smaller gopurams, each with its unique design.
Visitors can explore the temple complex and admire the beautiful artwork and architecture. The temple is open to visitors every day from early morning until late evening. There is no entry fee to visit the temple, but donations are welcome.
Overall, the Parthasarathy Temple is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in Hindu culture and architecture. Its rich history, stunning artwork, and spiritual significance make it a truly unique and special place.
Historical Significance
The Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane, Chennai has a rich historical significance that dates back to the Pallava dynasty. The temple is considered to be one of the oldest temples in Chennai and has been mentioned in various historical scriptures.
Founding and Early History
The temple was built during the reign of Pallava King Narasimhavarman I in the 8th century. The temple was initially built as a small shrine for Lord Vishnu and was later expanded by the Cholas during their reign. The temple has undergone several renovations and additions over the centuries, with the latest renovation taking place in the 16th century during the Vijayanagara dynasty.
Role in Mahabharata
The Parthasarathy Temple holds a significant place in the Mahabharata, as it is believed that Lord Krishna played the role of a charioteer to Arjuna during the Kurukshetra war. The word “Parthasarathy” means “charioteer of Arjuna,” and Lord Vishnu is worshipped in this form at the temple.
Influence of Vijayanagara Kings
The Vijayanagara Kings played a significant role in the expansion and renovation of the temple. They added several mandapams and gopurams to the temple complex, which enhanced its architectural beauty. The temple also served as a center of learning during their reign, with several scholars and poets visiting the temple to seek knowledge and inspiration.
Overall, the Parthasarathy Temple holds immense historical and cultural significance, and it continues to be a revered place of worship for devotees of Lord Vishnu.
Architectural Highlights
Temple Complex
The Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane, Chennai is a magnificent temple complex that beautifully showcases the Dravidian architecture. The temple complex covers an area of 1.5 acres and consists of several mandapas (halls) and gopurams (towers). The temple complex has four entrances, each adorned with intricately carved gopurams.
Dravidian Architecture
The Parthasarathy Temple is a classic example of the Dravidian architecture style, which is characterized by its pyramid-shaped gopurams and mandapas. The temple is built in the shape of a chariot, with the main shrine resembling the body of the chariot and the gopurams representing the wheels. The temple’s architecture is a testament to the rich cultural heritage of South India.
Significant Features
The Parthasarathy Temple is known for its intricate carvings and sculptures, which are a major highlight of the temple complex. The temple is adorned with several yalis and hamsas, which are mythical creatures that are believed to ward off evil spirits. The temple is also home to several shrines dedicated to various deities, including Lord Venkateswara, Lord Ranganatha, and Lord Narasimha.
Overall, the Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane, Chennai is a must-visit for anyone interested in exploring the rich cultural heritage of South India. The temple’s stunning architecture and intricate carvings make it a true masterpiece of Dravidian architecture.
Deities and Icons
Main Deities
The Parthasarathy Temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and has five main deities. The presiding deity is Sri Parthasarathy, who is depicted as a charioteer with Arjuna as his warrior on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. The other deities are Sri Ranganatha, Sri Venkatakrishna, Sri Rama, and Sri Narasimha.
Unique Iconography
The temple is known for its unique iconography. The image of Sri Parthasarathy is a rare depiction of Lord Krishna as a charioteer. The image of Sri Narasimha is depicted in a yoga posture, which is a unique feature of the temple. The image of Sri Rama is depicted with his consort Sita, his brother Lakshmana, and his devotee Hanuman. The temple also has an image of Gajendra Varada, which depicts Lord Vishnu saving an elephant from a crocodile.
The temple also has a shrine dedicated to Andal, the only female Alvar saint. The shrine is adorned with beautiful sculptures and paintings depicting the life of Andal. The temple also has a shrine dedicated to Balarama, the elder brother of Lord Krishna.
The temple has a beautiful image of Vedavalli Thayar, the consort of Sri Parthasarathy. The image is depicted with a lotus in her hand and is adorned with precious jewels. The temple also has an image of Soma and Agni, the Vedic deities of the moon and fire, respectively.
Overall, the Parthasarathy Temple is a unique temple with a rich history and beautiful iconography.
Cultural Significance
The Parthasarathy Temple is not only a religious site, but it also holds immense cultural significance. The temple has influenced Tamil literature and is glorified in the Naalayira Divya Prabandham, a collection of 4,000 Tamil verses composed by the Alvar saints from the 6th to 9th centuries CE. The temple is classified as one of the 108 Divya Desams dedicated to Vishnu.
Influence on Tamil Literature
The Parthasarathy Temple has played a significant role in the development of Tamil literature. The Alvar saints, who were devotees of Vishnu, composed devotional hymns in praise of the deity. These hymns were collected and compiled into the Naalayira Divya Prabandham. The Parthasarathy Temple is glorified in the literature, and its significance is highlighted in the hymns.
Festivals and Celebrations
The Parthasarathy Temple celebrates several festivals throughout the year, which have become an integral part of the cultural fabric of Chennai. The temple celebrates Krishna Jayanti, the birth anniversary of Lord Krishna, with great fervor. Diwali, the festival of lights, is also celebrated with great enthusiasm.
The Udayavar Uthsavam, which is celebrated in honor of Ramanujacharya, is another significant festival. The Brahmotsavams, which are celebrated in the Tamil month of Chittirai, are a grand affair. The Kodai Uthsavam, which is celebrated in the Tamil month of Vaikasi, is a ten-day festival that attracts devotees from all over the country.
In conclusion, the Parthasarathy Temple is not only a religious site, but it also holds immense cultural significance. Its influence on Tamil literature and its celebration of festivals and cultural events have made it an integral part of Chennai’s cultural fabric.
Visiting the Temple
The Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane, Chennai is a must-visit for those interested in Hindu temples and architecture. Here is some important information to help plan your visit.
Timings and Entry
The temple is open daily from 5:30 AM to 12:00 PM and from 4:00 PM to 9:00 PM. There is no entry fee to visit the temple. However, visitors are expected to dress modestly and respectfully.
How to Reach
By Bus
The Parthasarathy Temple is well-connected by bus. Visitors can take any bus that goes to Triplicane and get off at the Parthasarathy Temple bus stop.
By Train
The temple is located about 6 km from Chennai Central Railway Station. Visitors can take a local train to the Triplicane Railway Station and then take a short walk to the temple.
By Air
The Chennai International Airport (MAA) is located about 21 km from the temple. Visitors can take a taxi or a bus from the airport to reach the temple.
Visitors are advised to plan their visit during the morning or evening hours to avoid the heat of the day. The temple can get crowded during festivals and special occasions, so visitors should plan accordingly.
Overall, a visit to the Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane, Chennai is a great way to experience the rich cultural and religious heritage of India.
Temple Administration
The Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane, Chennai is managed by the Hindu Religious and Endowment Board. The temple is dedicated to Lord Krishna, who is worshipped here in the form of Parthasarathy. The temple is also associated with Swami Manavala Mamunigal, a prominent Vaishnavite saint who lived in the 15th century. The temple is managed by a group of trustees who are appointed by the Hindu Religious and Endowment Board.
The administration of the temple is overseen by the Vedanthachariar, who is responsible for the day-to-day management of the temple. The Vedanthachariar is assisted by a team of priests who perform the various rituals and ceremonies that take place in the temple. The priests are trained in the Vaishnavite tradition and are well-versed in the scriptures.
The temple has a rich history and is one of the oldest temples in Chennai. It is said to have been built by the Pallava kings in the 8th century AD. Over the centuries, the temple has undergone several renovations and expansions. The temple is known for its beautiful architecture and intricate carvings.
The temple also has a Kairavani, which is a sacred pond located within the temple complex. The Kairavani is believed to have healing properties and is considered to be very auspicious. Devotees often take a dip in the Kairavani before entering the temple.
Overall, the administration of the Parthasarathy Temple is well-organized and efficient. The temple attracts a large number of devotees from all over the country, who come to seek the blessings of Lord Krishna and to experience the spiritual atmosphere of the temple.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the history of Parthasarathi temple?
Parthasarathy Temple is an ancient temple dedicated to Lord Parthasarathy, a manifestation of Lord Vishnu. The temple is more than 1,000 years old and is located in the Triplicane area of Chennai. It is one of the 108 Divyadesams and has a rich history that dates back to the Pallava dynasty.
What are the timings for darshan at Parthasarathy Temple?
The temple is open for darshan from 5:30 am to 12 pm and from 4 pm to 9 pm every day. The timings may vary during festivals and special occasions.
What is the entry fee for Parthasarathy Temple?
There is no entry fee for Parthasarathy Temple. However, visitors are required to follow the dress code and other rules of the temple.
What is the distance between Parthasarathy Temple and Triplicane railway station?
The distance between Parthasarathy Temple and Triplicane railway station is approximately 1 km. It can be easily covered on foot.
What is the significance of Brahmotsavam at Parthasarathy Temple?
Brahmotsavam is a major festival celebrated at Parthasarathy Temple. It is a nine-day festival that takes place during the Tamil month of Chithirai (April-May). The festival is celebrated to commemorate the victory of Lord Vishnu over the demon Hiranyakashipu.
Are there any reviews for Parthasarathy Temple in Chennai?
Yes, there are many reviews for Parthasarathy Temple in Chennai. Visitors have praised the temple for its beautiful architecture, peaceful atmosphere, and spiritual significance. Many visitors have also recommended the temple as a must-visit attraction in Chennai.
